REPUBLIC OF GEORGIA
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Cobblestone & Cricket

Teacher's Guide for DIG TM Sports

July 2005

Teacher Guide prepared by: Nancy I. Colamussi, Elementary Education, B.S., M.A. Rocky Point School District, Long Island, New York.

Extended Response: Comprehension & Critical Thinking The questions below can be used as written, simply answered in complete sentences, or easily transformed into longer essay (ELA) style questions, or even research topics. In any case, have the students support their answers with details from the test of use critical thinking skills to create a thorough and interesting answer. Consider the level of your students when deciding how to use the questions. The questions for each lesson can be found under the article's title below, and the answers for the short response questions are on the last page of the guide.

"Head Over Hooves" p. 6-7
  1. What evidence have archeologists uncovered that suggest 'bull leaping' actually took place?
  2. What do we know about the people who took part in bull leaping?
  3. Explain the two different methods of bull leaping.
  4. The article states that bull leaping was both an athletic and a religious event. What do you think the significance of this even was?
"Let the Games Begin" p. 8-9
Circle the correct answer in each statement below.
  1. The first Olympic games were held at Olympia/Rome.
  2. Zeus was Hera's father/husband.
  3. The competing athletes had to place their hands on slabs of boar's/dove's flesh and swear to do nothing evil against the Olympics.
  4. The hippodrome was where the practicing/foot races took place.
  5. The distance of 600/1600 feet long was known as a stadion.
  6. Besides the two types of competitions, a separate competition was held for female/younger athletes.
  7. The coveted victory prize was a crown of olive/gold leaves.
  8. The Olympic tradition was revived almost 1,500/2,500 years later.
"Where's the Stadium" p. 10-12
  1. Explain the myth surrounding the Nemean Games.
  2. What does the scratched graffiti in the tunnel lead us to believe?
  3. Who were 'circuit victors'?
  4. Why were the games originally moved from Nemea to the city of Argo?
  5. What happened on July 20, 1974, that halted the excavation?
  6. Explain the process and the time it took to completely reveal the entire stadium.
"Nemea Lives" p. 14-15
Project: Make a Venn diagram comparing and contrasting the original Nemean Games and the New Nemean Games.
"At Play in Egypt" p. 16-18
Project: Work with a partner to create simple scenes of games that you play. Record them with the intent of passing them down to the children in younger grades in your school. Who passed these games on to YOU?
"In Pursuit of the Divine Bead" p. 20-21
  1. Why was Polo considered a military training as well as a sport?
  2. Explain the poetic reference to the 'divine bead.'
  3. Historical records suggest that some mixed games of Polo may have taken place. List some sports that you play that have male and female players.
  4. What kind of evidence do you think historians need to find to have definitive proof that Empress Wu played polo?
"War's Little Brother" p. 22-23
  1. Explain why lacrosse was called the 'little brother of war.'
  2. Although the goal was always to get the ball into the opponent's goal, how did the game vary from tribe to tribe?
  3. Explain the fall of Fort Michilimackinac in 1763.
"What's in a Ball?" p. 24-25

Match the definition on the right with its correct term on the left.
_____1. 17th century golf ballsA. Before vulcanization, they were made of inflated pig bladders.
_____2. Billard ballsB. Leather stuffed with hair.
_____3. 12th century tennis ballsC. Goose feathers packed inside a leather sphere.
_____4. Balls throughout ancient American TropicsD. A sawdust packed deerskin ball.
_____5. FootballsE. Originally wooden, then carved from elephant ivory.
_____6. Soccerball of 2500BCF. Made of rubber.
_____7. Ancient hacky sack ballsG. A ball of cloth or leather stuffed with hair, wool or cork.


"Imagine That!" p. 28-31
What is the significance to the archeologist of creating virtual models?

Make your own 3D model! Create a diorama depicting a scene from the Ancient world that you read about in this issue of DIGTM.
"The Real Thing" p. 32
After reading "In the Field," imagine that you had the opportunity to go to the archeological camp hosted by the Alabama Museum of Natural History. Write a sample journal chronicling your time there. Include drawings!
ANSWER KEY:
"Let the Games Begin"
  1. Olympia
  2. husband
  3. boar's
  4. foot races
  5. 600
  6. younger
  7. olive
  8. 1,500

"What's in a Ball?"
  1. C
  2. E
  3. G
  4. F
  5. A
  6. B
  7. D
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