Teacher's Guide for FACES ^® Newfoundland and Labrador

Review these words that appear in this order with the students:

province, channel, strait, shield, plateau, rugged, subarctic, frigid, peninsula, iceberg, calcen, glaciers, tabular, blocky, wedge, pinnacle, domed, jutting, settlement, isolated, sagas, landscape, colonizer, eminent, slag, ceded, trawling, moratorium, canneries, causeway, mummers, saturnalia, deplane, dialect, caribou, boulder, wolverine, hefty

The following are words spoken in a Newfoundland dialect. You may want to ask the students to predict their meaning or to have them locate the words in the text.

bodhran, scoff (page 24)

hangashore, chucklehead, come-from-away, huffed, mauzy, puddock, longers, smidge, squabby, shule, yap (page 36)

1. Prior Knowledge

   As a whole class or in small groupings elicit the students' knowledge about Newfoundland and Labrador. On the blackboard or on single pieces of paper have the students complete the first two columns of the following KWL chart.
   
   

   What We Know	What We Want to Learn	What We Learned

2. Word Knowledge
   • Ask the students to find three smaller words within the name of the province Newfoundland.
   • Have the students suggest why this would be a suitable name for a piece of land. Hopefully, they will be able to suggest that early explorers would use such a name for new land.
   
   
3. Mapping

   Use a Map of North America to locate the province. Ask the students to predict what the terrain would be like and to suggest the main source of livelihood.

• In pairs or trios, ask the students to look at and discuss the front and back covers of the issue. Discuss their ideas in a whole class format.
• Look at the Mystery Photo. Let the students offer their ideas and predictions about the picture.
• Have the students view the photo of the young lad mending a fish net. Ask the students what they think the person is doing.

1. Why are the residents of this province the first to see a new day?
2. Describe the location of the two parts of this province.
3. What industry is important to this province?

• Read and discuss the information provided in this section.
• Use a map of North America to show the location of Newfoundland, if this was not done earlier.
• Look at and discuss the smaller map provided on page 5.

• On a map of North America locate Baffin Island, Baffin Bay, Greenland, Labrador Sea.
• Either have pictures of icebergs available or draw a picture on the chalkboard. The purpose is to show how little of an iceberg is visible above the water line and how much is hidden in the water's depth. Explain how this physical reality is such a danger to ships.
• Student questions:
  1. How do icebergs form?
  2. What size can an iceberg be? Describe the possibilities.
  3. What are glaciers?
  4. How does International Ice Patrol help sailing vessels?
  5. How do icebergs eventually disappear?
  6. What is a "bergy seltzer"?
  7. How did an iceberg save some lives?

1. Where are the two parts of this province located?
2. What industry is most important to this province?
3. Why would the main industry influence where people live on the island?
4. What two peoples were the first settlers of the island?
5. Which group of people settled during the 16th century?
6. Who were the people who finally settled and developed Newfoundland?
7. Why have Newfoundlanders kept their ancestors' traditions?
8. Name two reasons why Labrador is isolated.
9. How do Labradorians support themselves?

1. What are sagas?
2. Why is Leif Erickson important?
3. What historical location did Dr. Helge uncover?
4. What findings convinced Dr. Helge and his wife that they had found Vinland?
5. Why was it important that they find iron at L'Anse aux Meadows?
6. What is slag?
7. How did the Vikings catch fish?
8. How did carbon dating help to convince people that L'Anse aux Meadows is the historic Vinland?

Ask the students to describe what they see in the pictures on pages 18 and 19.

1. Which Europeans first fished around Newfoundland?
2. Who finally gained the rights to fish?
3. How was the cod preserved?
4. What do the fish do annually?
5. Explain the different ways of fishing the cod.
6. What happened to fishing rights after 1949?
7. What is the 200-mile limit?
8. What is aqua culture?
9. Explain the fishing moratorium.
10. What is "kissing the cod"?
11. Why is cod fishing so important to the families of Newfoundland?

1. How did a causeway help Twillingate?
2. Why is Twillingate similar to other small towns?
3. Why is Newfoundland well liked by tourists?
4. Who were the first known inhabitants?
5. Why is music an important part of the culture?
6. Why is Twillingate called "Iceberg Capital of the World"?
7. What happens at the Fish Fun and Folk Festival?

1. What is a mummer?
2. When do mummers perform?
3. What does a mummer do?
4. How did ancient Romans celebrate the New Year?
5. Why was the third type of mummery popular?
6. Why is the game of "Guess Who" popular?

Ask the students to predict what the title suggests to the reader.

1. On 9/11 when American airports were closed, what did airplanes headed to the USA have to do?
2. Why would the pilots not tell their passengers what was really happening?
3. Why were the passengers kept on the planes for at least 24 hours after landing in Canadian airports? Write a story describing how eastern Canadians helped the "plane people."
4. How have some of the "plane people" shown their gratitude to the people of eastern Canada?

1. What do some festivals honour?
2. Why are some local folk songs difficult to learn?
3. Why is the Newfoundland "language" a strange one?
4. Try using some of the dialect on page 36 to write a few sentences of your own.
5. What are the many outdoor activities available for a tourist?

• Use the pattern of the song "I'se the b'y" and create your own verse.
• Research other folk songs from Newfoundland and Labrador.

1. How did the Newfoundland and Labrador dogs come to this province?
2. Describe the Newfoundland dog.
3. Describe the Labrador Retriever.
4. What type of work did these dogs do?
5. How have these dogs been heroes?
6. Why are Labradors one of the most popular types of pets?

1. Why did the Naskapi change location in the summer and winter?
2. Why was the caribou important to the Naskapi people?

How Rocks were Born

1. Why did Boulder catch up with Kwakwadjec?
2. Why would Wolf and Fox not help Kwakwadjec?
3. What lesson did Kwakwadjec learn?

Why Ice Cracks in Winter

1. What mean thing did Giant like to do?
2. What plan did Tchakapesh have in his mind?
3. Why was this folk tale told to Naskapi children?

• Write your own tale about the birth of rocks or about ice cracking in winter.
• Research and read other folk tales.

Encourage groups of students to do a dramatic reading of the two tales or to create a short skit.

• Make pictures of/or build a Viking Village.
• Draw pictures of icebergs.
• Create a travel poster and/or brochure encouraging tourists to visit the province of Newfoundland and Labrador.

Any of the following topics may be of interest for the students should you wish to have them do some further research.

• L'Anse aux Meadows and the Vikings
• Newfoundland and Labrador Retrievers
• Cod Fishing
• Icebergs

"Newfoundland and Labrador Crossword" on page 34 and "Think About It" on page 39.

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Updated: 11/21/09 03:18 pm
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